In this period, the restoration of diplomatic relations took shape after a unilateral breach dictated by President Dwight Eisenhower in January 1961.
The opening of embassies was produced under the aegis of the principles of international law, the United Nations Charter and the Vienna Conventions on Diplomatic and Consular Relations. For the event, the Secretary of State John Kerry visited Havana in what was the first visit in seven decades of a US diplomat level, after Edward R. Stettinius was in the capital in March 1945, under the administration US President Harry S. Truman.
Since the beginning of the talks, Cuba has clarified that a topic is to restore relations and other standardization thereof, which would not be possible as long as the blockade remains in force.
By the way, recently the Washington Post conducted a survey of college students found that eight in ten favored the elimination of the more sanctions to Cuba.
The Departments of Treasury and Commerce announced in Washington, in January and September last year compared to Cuba regulations that seek to mitigate the effects of economic, commercial and financial blockade.
Regulations and announced authorizations related to travel, telecom and Internet services, financial and commercial transactions, physical representation of US businesses in Cuba, trade, remittances, legal, educational, medical emergency services and air ambulances, and humanitarian projects.
The elimination of the monetary limits on remittances also came into force from the US to Cuba and authorization of remittance to the United States for Cuban citizens from Cuba and third countries.
However, with regard to the travel of Americans to the island, remains prohibited tourist, even though at 12 authorized categories (1), now allowed to visit Cuba together with their close relatives. In this regard various sectors of the northern nation claim that the individual trips are permitted, so-called “people to people”.
In general, the measurements show that exclusively favors a given sector of the Cuban people and US interests.
Some analysts believe that if Obama does not advance the adoption of new executive actions, including authorizing the use of the dollar in the financial and commercial transactions, the interests of economic sectors would be affected and the impact of the measures taken would slow. Also the ability to access international credit and financing remain absent enacted measures.
While the US Congress (2) is empowered to order the end of the lock body, this may be preceded by the disintegration of the restrictions that make this policy through executive actions of the President.
The return of the Guantanamo Naval Base and the adequacy of immigration policy toward Cuba are other issues that remain priority in the Cuban agenda.
The future
Spending a year in which general elections are held in the United States and the subject of Cuba does not escape this influence.
According interview with the Cuban News Agency Josefina Vidal, director general of the US Department of the Cuban Foreign Ministry: “I cannot imagine a new president, whoever he is, saying it will break relations with Cuba and close its embassy. There are other issues on which they could retreat, such as cooperation in different areas, to repeal some of the instruments adopted by executive or the path of inaction emptied his purpose.”
Vidal saying there are issues of monitoring and the agreement for direct regular flights, adopted ad referendum and the texts must now collate. After US airlines must establish contracts with Cubana Airlines, the Institute of Civil Aeronautics.
Another important outcome will be the start of flights to transport the mail. It also must agree this 2016 an instrument to formalize cooperation in fighting drug trafficking and to continue discussions on terrorism, in combating human trafficking, immigration fraud and legal assistance, among other issues.
Translated by: Daysi Olano Fernandez
